The following is a list of independent published research concerning the potential health benefits of Chlorogenic Acid. Abstracts are available by emailing sales@coffeeberry.org.

Chlorogenic Acid Studies

1. J Plant Physiol. 2004 Jul;161(7):879-81 Boron deficiency causes accumulation of chlorogenic acid and caffeoyl polyamine conjugates in tobacco leaves.Camacho-Cristobal JJ, Lunar L, Lafont F, Baumert A, Gonzalez-Fontes A.

2. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Apr 5;:1-7.
Effect of domestic cooking on human bioavailability of naringenin, chlorogenic acid, lycopene and beta-carotene in cherry tomatoes. Bugianesi R, Salucci M, Leonardi C, Ferracane R, Catasta G, Azzini E, Maiani G.

3. J Inorg Biochem. 2004 Aug;98(8):1457-64.
The kinetics and mechanisms of reactions of iron(III) with caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, sinapic acid, ferulic acid and naringin. Hynes MJ, O'Coinceanainn M.

4. Antioxidative effects and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of CGA J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jul 28;52(15):4893-8.
In vitro antioxidative effects and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of seven hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives in green coffee beans. Iwai K, Kishimoto N, Kakino Y, Mochida K, Fujita T.
Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA.

5. Blood. 2004 Jun 29
Chlorogenic acid inhibits Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase and triggers p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent apoptosis in chronic myelogenous leukemic cells.

6. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA Nutr Cancer. 2004;48(1):70-7
Alteration in phase I and II enzyme activities and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-DNA adduct formation by plant phenolics in mouse epidermis. Szaefer H, Cichocki M, Brauze D, Baer-Dubowska W.

7. Cytoprotective against hear-damaging chemicals Phytother Res. 2004 May;18(5):408-13.Chemoprotective effect of plant phenolics against anthracycline-induced toxicity on rat cardiomyocytes. Part II. caffeic, chlorogenic and rosmarinic acids.

8. Chlopcikova S, Psotova J, Miketova P, Sousek J, Lichnovsky V, Simanek V.J Chromatogr Sci. 2004 Apr;42(4):173-6. HPLC determination and pharmacokinetics of chlorogenic acid in rabbit plasma after an oral dose of Flos Lonicerae extract.Yang H, Yuan B, Li L, Chen H, Li F.

9. Nutr J. 2004 May 12;3(1):5. Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits.Boyer J, Liu RH.

10. Transport and Bioavailability J Agric Food Chem. 2004 May 5;52(9):2518-26. Transepithelial transport of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and their colonic metabolites in intestinal caco-2 cell monolayers.Konishi Y, Kobayashi S.

11. Antioxidant Activity J Agric Food Chem. 2004 May 5;52(9):2490-8. Antioxidants, low molecular weight carbohydrates, and total antioxidant capacity in strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa): effects of cultivar, ripening, and storage.Olsson ME, Ekvall J, Gustavsson KE, Nilsson J, Pillai D, Sjoholm I, Svensson U, Akesson B, Nyman MG.

12. Antioxidant Activity Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jun;22(6):746-54. Engineering plants with increased levels of the antioxidant chlorogenic acid.Niggeweg R, Michael AJ, Martin C.Analysis.

13. Anal Sci. 2004 Mar;20(3):451-4. Determination of chlorogenic acid in plant samples by using near-infrared spectrum with wavelet transform preprocessing.Shao X, Zhuang Y.Antioxidant Activity.

14. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Mar 24;52(6):1700-4. In vitro and ex vivo antihydroxyl radical activity of green and roasted coffee.Daglia M, Racchi M, Papetti A, Lanni C, Govoni S, Gazzani G.Analysis.

15. J Chromatogr A. 2004 Feb 13;1026(1-2):185-90. Application of preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography for separation of chlorogenic acid from Flos Lonicerae.Lu HT, Jiang Y, Chen F.Stability.

16. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Feb 11;52(3):523-30. Related Articles, Links Effect of ripeness and postharvest storage on the phenolic profiles of Cherries (Prunus avium L.).Goncalves B, Landbo AK, Knudsen D, Silva AP, Moutinho-Pereira J, Rosa E, Meyer AS.

17. Antioxidant Activity Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Jan 15;36(2):201-11. Related Articles, Links Relevance of apple polyphenols as antioxidants in human plasma: contrasting in vitro and in vivo effects.Lotito SB, Frei B.

18. Cytoprotective effectsFree Radic Biol Med. 2004 Jan 1;36(1):40-52. Cytoprotective effects of heme oxygenase-1 induction by 3-O-caffeoyl-1-methylquinic acid.Kweon MH, Jung MJ, Sung HC.

19. Analysis Agric Food Chem 2004 Jan;52(1):3-7Improved HPLC determination of phenolic compounds in cv. golden delicious apples using a monolithic column.Chinnici F, Gaiani A, Natali N, Riponi C, Galassi S.

20. Antioxidant ActivityJ Agric Food Chem. 2003 Dec 31;51(27):8067-72Superoxide radical scavenging activity of the major polyphenols in fresh plums.Chun OK, Kim DO, Lee CY.

21. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Nov 5;51(23):6861-9Activity-guided identification of a chemopreventive compound in coffee beverage using in vitro and in vivo techniques.Somoza V, Lindenmeier M, Wenzel E, Frank O, Erbersdobler HF, Hofmann T.

22. :Antioxidant ActivityJ Agric Food Chem. 2003 Oct 22;51(22):6516-20. Major phenolics in apple and their contribution to the total antioxidant capacity.Lee KW, Kim YJ, Kim DO, Lee HJ, Lee CY.

23. Metabolism Bioorg Med Chem. 2003 Nov 3;11(22):4797-805. Oxidative conjugation of chlorogenic acid with glutathione. Structural characterization of addition products and a new nitrite-Promoted pathway.Panzella L, Napolitano A, d'Ischia M.

24. Hypochlorite scavenging activity – Anti-inflammatory ActivityJ Pharm Pharmacol. 2003 Jul;55(7):1021-7. Related Articles, Links Hypochlorite scavenging activity of hydroxycinnamic acids evaluated by a rapid microplate method based on the measurement of chloramines.Firuzi O, Giansanti L, Vento R, Seibert C, Petrucci R, Marrosu G, Agostino R, Saso L.

25. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Aug 13;51(17):5088-95Effects of non-covalent interactions with 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid) on the heat denaturation and solubility of globular proteins.

26. Theor Appl Genet. 2003 Aug;107(4):751-6. Epub 2003 Jul 12. Genetic mapping of a caffeoyl-coenzyme A 3-O-methyltransferase gene in coffee trees. Impact on chlorogenic acid content.Campa C, Noirot M, Bourgeois M, Pervent M, Ky CL, Chrestin H, Hamon S, de Kochko A.

27. Analysis Ann Pharm Fr. 2003 Jul;61(4):265-8. [Hydroxycinnamic acid levels of various batches from mugwort flowering tops] Fraisse D, Carnat A, Carnat AP, Guedon D, Lamaison JL.

28. Antioxidant Activity Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 May;247(1-2):205-10. Effect of chlorogenic acid on hydroxyl radical.Zang LY, Cosma G, Gardner H, Castranova V, Vallyathan V.

29. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity Toxicology. 2003 Aug 1;189(3):199-209. The effect of plant phenolics on the formation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-DNA adducts and TPA-stimulated polymorphonuclear neutrophils chemiluminescence in vitro.Ignatowicz E, Balana B, Vulimiri SV, Szaefer H, Baer-Dubowska W.

30. Prevntion of scar formationJ Trauma. 2003 Jun;54(6):1212-24.

31. Free Radic Res. 2003 May;37(5):573-84. Grape and grape seed extract capacities at protecting LDL against oxidation generated by Cu2+, AAPH or SIN-1 and at decreasing superoxide THP-1 cell production. A comparison to other extracts or compounds.Shafiee M, Carbonneau MA, Urban N, Descomps B, Leger CL.

32. Analysis Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2002 Apr;27(4):267-9. [Qualitative and quantitative methods of chlorogenic acid in commercial Herba Artemisiae Scopariae]Song XJ, Zhang YX, Zhang Y, Zhang QW.

33. Metabolism J Nutr. 2003 Jun;133(6):1853-9Chlorogenic acid bioavailability largely depends on its metabolism by the gut microflora in rats. Gonthier MP, Verny MA, Besson C, Remesy C, Scalbert A.

34. :MetabolismJ Nutr. 2003 Jun;133(6):1806-14. Erratum in: J Nutr. 2003 Aug;133(8):2692.Chlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-rutinoside and black tea phenols are extensively metabolized in humans.Olthof MR, Hollman PC, Buijsman MN, van Amelsvoort JM, Katan MB.

35. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 May 21;51(11):3448-54. Distribution of hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates in fruit of commercial eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cultivars.Whitaker BD, Stommel JR.

36. :Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity Am J Chin Med. 2003;31(1):37-46. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan.Chiang LC, Chiang W, Chang MY, Ng LT, Lin CC.Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC.

37. Analysis J Agric Food Chem. 2003 May 7;51(10):2900-11.Hierarchical scheme for LC-MSn identification of chlorogenic acids.Clifford MN, Johnston KL, Knight S, Kuhnert N.

38. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2002;3(2):163-166. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acid on Azoxymethane-induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Male F344 Rats.Matsunaga K, Katayama M, Sakata K, Kuno T, Yoshida K, Yamada Y, Hirose Y, Yoshimi N, Mori H.

39. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Apr 23;51(9):2526-31. The dietary hydroxycinnamate caffeic acid and its conjugate chlorogenic acid increase vitamin e and cholesterol concentrations in Sprague-Dawley rats.Frank J, Kamal-Eldin A, Razdan A, Lundh T, Vessby B.

40. Analysis Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2003 Apr;51(4):421-4.Simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid, forsythin and arctiin in Chinese traditional medicines preparation by reversed phase-HPLC.Yu BS, Yan XP, Xiong J, Xin Q.

41. Analysis J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Apr 25;787(2):369-79. Simultaneous determination of hydroxycinnamates and catechins in human urine samples by column switching liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry.Nielsen SE, Sandstrom B.

42. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2002 Dec;66(12):2525-30.Properties of chlorogenic acid quinone: relationship between browning and the formation of hydrogen peroxide from a quinone solution.Murata M, Sugiura M, Sonokawa Y, Shimamura T, Homma S.

43. Antioxidant Activity J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Feb 26;51(5):1474-9. Effects of phenolic acids on human phenolsulfotransferases in relation to their antioxidant activity.Yeh CT, Yen GC.

44. Analysis Zhong Yao Cai. 2001 Apr;24(4):287-8. [Determination of forsythin, chlorogenic acid and baicalin in jieduxuantou decoction by RP-HPLC][Article in Chinese] Wang R, Li Y, Bi K.

45. Zhong Yao Cai. 1999 Aug;22(8):385-7.[Development of healthy beverage from Eucommla ulmoides foliage][Article in Chinese] Yue H, Hu X, Su K, Zhai W.

46. :Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 J Nutr Biochem. 2002 Dec;13(12):717-726. Chlorogenic acid modifies plasma and liver concentrations of: cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and minerals in (fa/fa) Zucker rats.Rodriguez de Sotillo DV, Hadley M.

47. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 J Nutr Biochem. 2002 Dec;13(12):717-726. Chlorogenic acid modifies plasma and liver concentrations of: cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and minerals in (fa/fa) Zucker rats.Rodriguez de Sotillo DV, Hadley M

48. Analysis Se Pu. 1999 Mar;17(2):193-5. [Determination of chlorogenic acid, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid in yinqiaojiedupian by high performance capillary electrophoresis][Article in Chinese]Yin C, Wu Y.

49. Analysis Se Pu. 2001 Nov;19(6):564-6. [Determination of polyphenols in tobacco by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography] [Article in Chinese]Wang L, Fang RB, Li Z, Jiang CQ, Yang GY.

50. Analysis Se Pu. 2000 May;18(3):263-4. [Quantitative determination of chlorogenic acid in eucommia leaf by high performance liquid chromatography][Article in Chinese] Zhao YC.

51. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan 29;51(3):793-6. Caffeic acid derivatives in the roots of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius).Takenaka M, Yan X, Ono H, Yoshida M, Nagata T, Nakanishi T.

52. Antioxidant ActivityJ Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan 15;51(2):502-9. Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of phenolics in blueberries, cranberries, chokeberries, and lingonberries.Zheng W, Wang SY.

53. Antioxidant Activity J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan 15;51(2):496-501. Antioxidant constituents of almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] hulls.Takeoka GR, Dao LT.

54. :Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2002 Nov;66(11):2336-41. Antimutagenicity of mono-, di-, and tricaffeoylquinic acid derivatives isolated from sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaf.Yoshimoto M, Yahara S, Okuno S, Islam MS, Ishiguro K, Yamakawa O.

55. Toxicology. 2003 Feb 1;183(1-3):255-63. Coffee increases levels of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in rats.Sakamoto W, Isomura H, Fujie K, Nishihira J, Ozaki M, Yukawa S.

56. Analysis Phytochem Anal. 2002 Nov-Dec;13(6):316-28.Identification of isomeric dicaffeoylquinic acids from Eleutherococcus senticosus using HPLC-ESI/TOF/MS and 1H-NMR methods.Tolonen A, Joutsamo T, Mattlla S, Kamarainen T, Jalonen J.

57. Antioxidant Activity J Med Food. 2002 Summer;5(2):69-78. Synergistic antioxidative properties of phenolics from natural origin toward low-density lipoproteins depend on the oxidation system.Shafiee M, Carbonneau MA, d'Huart JB, Descomps B, Leger CL.

58. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Dec 4;50(25):7211-9 Activity and concentration of polyphenolic antioxidants in apple juice. 1. Effect of existing production methods.Van Der Sluis AA, Dekker M, Skrede G, Jongen WM.

59. Blood. 2003 Mar 15;101(6):2381-7. Epub 2002 Nov 07. Inhibition of microsomal glucose-6-phosphate transport in human neutrophils results in apoptosis: a potential explanation for neutrophil dysfunction in glycogen storage disease type 1b.Leuzzi R, Banhegyi G, Kardon T, Marcolongo P, Capecchi PL, Burger HJ, Benedetti A, Fulceri R.

60. Yakushigaku Zasshi. 2002;37(1):65-75. [A historical study of coffee in Japanese and Asian countries: focusing the medicinal uses in Asian traditional medicines][Article in Japanese]Namba T, Matsuse T.

61. Analysis Acta Pol Pharm. 2002 Jul-Aug;59(4):259-63. Quantitative determination of coumarins, flavonoidsand chlorogenic acid in the leaves and underground parts of some species of genus Scopolia Jacq.Nowak S,Dzido TH, Soczewinski E, Wolbis M.

62. Fitoterapia. 2002 Oct;73(6):550-2. A new dicaffeoylquinic acid butyl ester from Isertia pittieri.Um BH, Polat M, Lobstein A, Weniger B, Aragon R, Declercq L, Anton R.

63. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2002 Oct;128(10):539-46. Epub 2002 Sep 17. Further investigation of the modifying effect of various chemopreventive agents on apoptosis and cell proliferation in human colon cancer cells.Zheng Q, Hirose Y, Yoshimi N, Murakami A, Koshimizu K, Ohigashi H, Sakata K, Matsumoto Y, Sayama Y, Mori H.

64. STRESS-RELAXING EFFECTS Neurosci Lett. 2002 Oct 31;332(2):87-90. Modulation of the stress response by coffee: an in vivo microdialysis study of hippocampal serotonin and dopamine levels in rat. Yamato T, Yamasaki S, Misumi Y, Kino M, Obata T, Aomine M.

65. Bioavailability J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Sep 25;50(20):5735-41. Absorption of phenolic acids in humans after coffee consumption.Nardini M, Cirillo E, Natella F, Scaccini C.

66. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2002 Oct 1;406(1):78-84. Interactions of lipoic acid radical cations with vitamins C and E analogue and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives.Lu C, Liu Y.

67. Hypochlorous acid Scavengers (Anti-inflammatory Activity – ‘Cooling Down’ the Neutrophils)Biomed Chromatogr. 2002 Sep;16(6):404-11. Development of a new assay for the screening of hypochlorous acid scavengers based on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.Gatto MT, Firuzi O, Agostino R, Grippa E, Borso A, Spinelli F, Pavan L, Petrolati M, Petrucci R, Marrosu G, Saso L

68. Anti-Viral Activity J Med Chem. 2002 Aug 15;45(17):3669-83 Dicaffeoyltartaric acid analogues inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase and HIV-1 replication at nontoxic concentrations.Reinke RA, King PJ, Victoria JG, McDougall BR, Ma G, Mao Y, Reinecke MG, Robinson WE Jr.Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Pathology, and Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.

69. :Antibacterial Activity Yakugaku Zasshi. 2002 Jul;122(7):487-94. [Identification of chemical structure of antibacterial components against Legionella pneumophila in a coffee beverage] [Article in Japanese]Dogasaki C, Shindo T, Furuhata K, Fukuyama M. Faculty of Environmental Health Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71, Fuchinobe, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan. dogasaki@azabu-u.ac.jp

70. Stability J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jul 3;50(14):3967-70Stabilization of caffeic acid derivatives in Echinacea purpurea L. glycerin extract.Bergeron C, Gafner S, Batcha LL, Angerhofer CK.

71. :Inhibition of peroxynitritesAnn N Y Acad Sci. 2002 May;957:90-102. Inhibition by wine polyphenols of peroxynitrite-initiated chemiluminescence and NADH oxidation.Boveris A, Valdez L, Alvarez S.

72. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 FEBS Lett. 2002 Apr 24;517(1-3):257-60. Evidence for glucose-6-phosphate transport in rat liver microsomes.Gerin I, Van Schaftingen E.

73. Antioxidant activity J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 19;50(13):3751-6. Antioxidant activity of coffee model systems.Charurin P, Ames JM, del Castillo MD.

74. Antioxidant Capacity J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 19;50(13):3713-7. Vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) of phenolic phytochemicals.Kim DO, Lee KW, Lee HJ, Lee CY.

75. Antioxidant activity J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 19;50(13):3698-703. Effect of roasting on the antioxidant activity of coffee brews.del Castillo MD, Ames JM, Gordon MH.

76. Analysis J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 19;50(13):3660-7. Determination of free and total phenolic acids in plant-derived foods by HPLC with diode-array detection.Mattila P, Kumpulainen J.

77. AnalysisJ Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 5;50(12):3579-85.LC/MS/MS characterization of phenolic constituents in dried plums. Fang N, Yu S, Prior RL.

78. Enzyme Inhibition J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 5;50(12):3566-71Inhibitory effects of plant phenols on the activity of selected enzymes.Rohn S, Rawel HM, Kroll J.

79. Immuno-modulation Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2002 Feb;24(1):113-9. The polyphenol chlorogenic acid inhibits staphylococcal exotoxin-induced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Krakauer T.

80. Antioxidant Capacity J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Apr 24;50(9):2482-7. On-line HPLC-DPPH screening method for evaluation of radical scavenging phenols extracted from apples (Malus domestica L.).Bandoniene D, Murkovic M.

81. Analysis and IsolationJ Agric Food Chem. 2002 Mar 13;50(6):1713-9. Isolation and characterization of undenatured chlorogenic acid free sunflower (Helianthus annuus) proteins.Gonzalez-Perez S, Merck KB, Vereijken JM, van Koningsveld GA, Gruppen H, Voragen AG.

82. Detoxification – Mechanism J Org Chem. 2002 Feb 8;67(3):803-10 New insights into the acid-promoted reaction of caffeic acid and its esters with nitrite: decarboxylation drives chain nitrosation pathways toward novel oxime derivatives and oxidation/fragmentation products thereof.Napolitano A, d'Ischia M.

83. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Jan 15;1569(1-3):105-10. Prolonged blood glucose reduction in mrp-2 deficient rats (GY/TR(-)) by the glucose-6-phosphate translocase inhibitor S 3025. Herling AW, Schwab D, Burger HJ, Maas J, Hammerl R, Schmidt D, Strohschein S, Hemmerle H, Schubert G, Petry S, Kramer W.

84. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA Anticancer Res. 2001 Sep-Oct;21(5):3349-53. Inhibition of chlorogenic acid-induced cytotoxicity by CoCl2. Jiang Y, Satoh K, Watanabe S, Kusama K, Sakagami H.Department of Dental Pharmacology, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.

85. :Immuno-Modulating Activity Scand J Immunol. 2002 Jan;55(1):24-32. In vitro effect of bioactive compounds on influenza virus specific B- and T-cell responses. Boon AC, Vos AP, Graus YM, Rimmelzwaan GF, Osterhaus AD

86. :Anti-inflammatory Activity – Decreasing activity of Over-activated MacrophagesJ Agric Food Chem. 2002 Feb 13;50(4):850-7. Inhibitory effects of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds on nitric oxide production in LPS/IFN-gamma-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages.Wang J, Mazza G.

87. Prevention of Lipid Peroxidation in Human Plasma Mol Cell Biochem. 2001 Oct;226(1-2):89-95. Plant catechols prevent lipid peroxidation in human plasma and erythrocytes. Lekse JM, Xia L, Stark J, Morrow JD, May JM.

88. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2001 Oct;65(10):2131-6. Development of free radical products during the greening reaction of caffeic acid esters (or chlorogenic acid) and a primary amino compound.Namiki M, Yabuta G, Koizumi Y, Yano M.

89. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2001 Oct;65(10):2121-30. Structure of green pigment formed by the reaction of caffeic acid esters (or chlorogenic acid) with a primary amino compound.Yabuta G, Koizumi Y, Namiki K, Hida M, Namiki M.

90. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 J Ethnopharmacol. 2001 Dec;78(2-3):145-9. Hypoglycemic effect of Cecropia obtusifolia on streptozotocin diabetic rats. Andrade-Cetto A, Wiedenfeld H.

91. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2000 Dec;21(12):1059-70. Can coffee help fighting the drug problem? Preliminary results of a Brazilian youth drug study.Flores GB, Andrade F, Lima DR; Brazilian Youth Drug Study.
92. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Nov;29(11):1432-9. Caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and dihydrocaffeic acid metabolism: glutathione conjugate formation.Moridani MY, Scobie H, Jamshidzadeh A, Salehi P, O'Brien PJ.

93. Antioxidant Activity J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Oct;49(10):4646-55.Identification and antioxidant activity of novel chlorogenic acid derivatives from bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis).Kweon MH, Hwang HJ, Sung HC.

94. Analysis Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2001 Mar;51(1):95-9 Discrimination of Brazilian arabica green coffee samples by chlorogenic acid composition.Moreira RF, Trugo LC, de Maria CA, Matos AG, Santos SM, Leite JM.

95. Analysis J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Aug;49(8):3606-13.Activity and concentration of polyphenolic antioxidants in apple: effect of cultivar, harvest year, and storage conditions.van der Sluis AA, Dekker M, de Jager A, Jongen WM.

96. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Biochem J. 2001 Jul 15;357(Pt 2):557-62.Glucose 6-phosphate transport in fibroblast microsomes from glycogen storage disease type 1b patients: evidence for multiple glucose 6-phosphate transport systems.Leuzzi R, Fulceri R, Marcolongo P, Banhegyi G, Zammarchi E, Stafford K, Burchell A, Benedetti A.

97. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2001 Mar;35(2):79-82.[Protective effects of organic acids on human vascular endothelial cells][Article in Chinese] Chang C, Chen J, Wong H.

98. MetabolismJ Appl Microbiol. 2001 Jun;90(6):873-81 Isolation and characterization of human colonic bacteria able to hydrolyse chlorogenic acid.Couteau D, McCartney AL, Gibson GR, Williamson G, Faulds CB.

99. Analysis – Classification J Agric Food Chem. 2001 May;49(5):2454-8.Chlorogenic acids as a potential criterion in coffee genotype selections.Guerrero G, Suarez M, Moreno G.

100. Stability J Agric Food Chem. 2001 May;49(5):2283-9.Fate of apple peel phenolics during cool storage.Golding JB, McGlasson WB, Wyllie SG, Leach DN.

101. :Hypoglycemic effects of CGA Med Hypotheses. 2001 Mar;56(3):286-9.Prospects for glycerol-rescued hypoglycemia as a cancer therapy.McCarty MF.

102. Analysis Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol. 2001 Mar-Apr;37(2):214-7.[Chicoric and chlorogenic acids in various plants growing in Georgia] [Article in Russian] Chkhikvishvili ID, Kharebava GI.

103. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 13;276(28):25727-35. Acute inhibition of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase does not affect gluconeogenesis but directs gluconeogenic flux toward glycogen in fasted rats. A pharmacological study with the chlorogenic acid derivative S4048.van Dijk TH, van der Sluijs FH, Wiegman CH, Baller JF, Gustafson LA, Burger HJ, Herling AW, Kuipers F, Meijer AJ, Reijngoud DJ.

104. Analysis J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Apr;49(4):1747-50.LC/ES-MS detection of hydroxycinnamates in human plasma and urine.Cremin P, Kasim-Karakas S, Waterhouse AL.

105. Analysis J Nutr Biochem. 2001 Mar;12(3):144-152.Characterization of antioxidants present in hawthorn fruits.Zhang Z, Chang Q, Zhu M, Huang Y, Ho WK, Chen Z.

106. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA Biofactors. 2000;12(1-4):101-5. Chemopreventive effects of coffee bean and rice constituents on colorectal carcinogenesis.Mori H, Kawabata K, Matsunaga K, Ushida J, Fujii K, Hara A, Tanaka T, Murai H.Department of Pathology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.

107. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA Phytomedicine. 2000 Dec;7(6):483-91. Induction of cytotoxicity by chlorogenic acid in human oral tumor cell lines.Jiang Y, Kusama K, Satoh K, Takayama E, Watanabe S, Sakagami H.Department of Oral Pathology, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.

108. J Nutr. 2001 Jan;131(1):66-71Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are absorbed in humans.Olthof MR, Hollman PC, Katan MB.

109. :Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jan;296(1):91-8. Hepatic uptake of synthetic chlorogenic acid derivatives by the organic anion transport proteins.Schwab D, Herling AW, Hemmerle H, Schubert G, Hagenbuch B, Burger HJ.

110. Antioxidant and Detoxification ActivityBiochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Dec 20;279(2):692-9. A reevaluation of the peroxynitrite scavenging activity of some dietary phenolics.Ketsawatsakul U, Whiteman M, Halliwell B.

111. Analysis Phytochemistry. 2000 Oct;55(4):285-96.Characterization of polyphenol oxidase in coffee.Mazzafera P, Robinson SP.

112. Anti-inflammatory Activity Phytother Res. 2000 Dec;14(8):638-40. Antiinflammatory activity of extracts and fractions from the leaves of Gochnatia polymorpha.Moreira AS, Spitzer V, Schapoval EE, Schenkel EP.

113. Analysis J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Nov;48(11):5512-6.Identification, quantitative determination, and antioxidative activities of chlorogenic acid isomers in prune (Prunus domestica L. ).Nakatani N, Kayano S, Kikuzaki H, Sumino K, Katagiri K, Mitani T.

114. Bioavailability J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Nov;48(11):5496-500 Absorption of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in rats after oral administration.Azuma K, Ippoushi K, Nakayama M, Ito H, Higashio H, Terao J.

115. Anti-viral Effects Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2000 Nov;48(11):1796-8. A new caffeoyl quinic acid from aster scaber and its inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) integrase.Kwon HC, Jung CM, Shin CG, Lee JK, Choi SU, Kim SY, Lee KR.

116. Prevention of oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein.Phytother Res. 2000 Nov;14(7):501-4. Inhibitory effects of an aqueous extract of Apocynum venetum leaves and its constituents on Cu(2+)-induced oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein.Kim DW, Yokozawa T, Hattori M, Kadota S, Namba T.

117. :Analysis J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Oct;48(10):4734-8.Identification by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS analyses and quantification of constituents of fennel teas and decoctions.Bilia AR, Fumarola M, Gallori S, Mazzi G, Vincieri FF.

118. J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Sep;48(9):4381-8.Potential nitrite scavengers as inhibitors of the formation of N-nitrosamines in solution and tobacco matrix systems.Rundlof T, Olsson E, Wiernik A, Back S, Aune M, Johansson L, Wahlberg I.

119. Antioxidant Activity J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Sep;48(9):3935-8.Stabilization of soybean oil with heated quercetin and 5-caffeoylquinic acid in the presence of ferric ion.Bastos De Maria CA, Moreira Santos MC, Jose De Lima Dias U, Marana M.

120. Anticancer Res. 2000 Jul-Aug;20(4):2473-6 Interaction between chlorogenic acid and antioxidants.Jiang Y, Satoh K, Kusama K, Watanabe S, Sakagami H.Immunology. 2000 Aug;100(4):471-80. Naturally occurring polyphenolic antioxidants modulate IgE-mediated mast cell activation.Chen S, Gong J, Liu F, Mohammed U.

121. Mol Cells. 2000 Jun 30;10(3):241-6.Inhibition of NFkappaB by methyl chlorogenate from Eriobotrya japonica.Kwon HJ, Kang MJ, Kim HJ, Choi JS, Paik KJ, Chung HY.

122. J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Jun;48(6):2476-82.Influence of storage upon light-induced chlorogenic acid accumulation in potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.).Percival GC, Baird L.

123. J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Jun;48(6):2101-10.Effect of pH on the stability of plant phenolic compounds.Friedman M, Jurgens HS.

124. Analysis Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2000;14(12):1019-22.Rapid determination of chlorogenic acid and related compounds in sunflower seeds by high-performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry.Aramendia MA, Garcia IM, Lafont F, Lizaso J, Marinas JM, Urbano FJ.

125. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA Food Chem Toxicol. 2000 May;38(5):467-71. Action of chlorogenic acid in vegetables and fruits as an inhibitor of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine formation in vitro and in a rat carcinogenesis model.Kasai H, Fukada S, Yamaizumi Z, Sugie S, Mori H.Department of Environmental Oncology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.

126. Antioxidant Activity Biochem J. 2000 Mar 1;346 Pt 2:265-73. Some polyphenols inhibit the formation of pentyl radical and octanoic acid radical in the reaction mixture of linoleic acid hydroperoxide with ferrous ions.Iwahashi H.

127. Analysis J Chromatogr A. 2000 Feb 18;870(1-2):443-8. Determination of chlorogenic acid in rat blood by microdialysis coupled with microbore liquid chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetic studies.Tsai TH, Chen YF, Shum AY, Chen CF.

128. Bactericidal Effect Microbios. 2000;101(398):37-46.Effects of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid on growth and arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in Shigella sonnei (group D).Tsou MF, Hung CF, Lu HF, Wu LT, Chang SH, Chang HL, Chen GW, Chung JG.

129. Free radical Scavenging Free Radic Res. 1999 Mar;30(3):241-5.Interaction of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives with the Cl3COO radical: a pulse radiolysis study. Pan JX, Wang WF, Lin WZ, Lu CY, Han ZH, Yao SD, Lin NY.

130. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA J Toxicol Sci. 1999 Dec;24(5):433-9. Suppressive effects of chlorogenic acid on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced glandular stomach carcinogenesis in male F344 rats. Shimizu M, Yoshimi N, Yamada Y, Matsunaga K, Kawabata K, Hara A, Moriwaki H, Mori H.

131. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Arch Biochem Biophys. 2000 Jan 15;373(2):418-28. Upregulation of hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase gene expression in rats treated with an inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate translocase. Simon C, Herling AW, Preibisch G, Burger HJ.

132. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Dec 10;386(1):75-82. Alterations of carbohydrate and lipid intermediary metabolism during inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase in rats.Herling AW, Burger H, Schubert G, Hemmerle H, Schaefer H, Kramer W.

133. Analysis J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Dec;47(12):4847-53 Polyphenol profiles of French cider apple varieties (Malus domestica sp.). Sanoner P, Guyot S, Marnet N, Molle D, Drilleau JP.

134. J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Mar;47(3):840-4. Antioxidant polyphenols from tart cherries (Prunus cerasus).Wang H, Nair MG, Strasburg GM, Booren AM, Gray JI.

135. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 1999 Nov;37(11):869-874.Chlorogenic acid in a Nicotiana plumbaginifolia cell suspension.Gillet F, Mesnard F, Fliniaux O, Monti JP, Fliniaux MA.

136. Antioxidant and Chemopreventive Activity J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Feb;47(2):397-402. Alkylperoxyl radical-scavenging activity of various flavonoids and other phenolic compounds: implications for the anti-tumor-promoter effect of vegetables.Sawa T, Nakao M, Akaike T, Ono K, Maeda H.

137. Food Chem Toxicol. 1999 Sep-Oct;37(9-10):985-92.Phenolics: blocking agents for heterocyclic amine-induced carcinogenesis.Hirose M, Takahashi S, Ogawa K, Futakuchi M, Shirai T.

138. Analysis J Chromatogr A. 1999 Sep 3;855(1):171-9.Determination of polyphenols by high-performance liquid chromatography with inhibited chemiluminescence detection.Cui H, He C, Zhao G.

139. Anti-Mutagenic Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1999 Jul;63(7):1295-7.Natural antioxidant, chlorogenic acid, protects against DNA breakage caused by monochloramine.Shibata H, Sakamoto Y, Oka M, Kono Y.Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Japan. shibata@life.shimane-u.ac.jp

140. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Aug;27(3-4):278-86 Urinary excretion of hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids after oral and intravenous administration. Choudhury R, Srai SK, Debnam E, Rice-Evans CA.

141. An Acad Bras Cienc. 1999;71(2):273-7.Action of chlorogenic acid on the complement system.Ejzemberg R, Da Silva MH, Pinto L, Mors WB.

142. Antibacterial Anticancer Res. 1999 Jan-Feb;19(1A):133-9.The effects of plant phenolics, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activities in human gastrointestinal microflora.Lo HH, Chung JG.

143. Antiviral J Virol. 1999 Apr;73(4):3309-16.Irreversible inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase by dicaffeoylquinic acids.Zhu K, Cordeiro ML, Atienza J, Robinson WE Jr, Chow SA.

144. Antiviral J Med Chem. 1999 Feb 11;42(3):497-509. Structure-activity relationships: analogues of the dicaffeoylquinic and dicaffeoyltartaric acids as potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and replication.King PJ, Ma G, Miao W, Jia Q, McDougall BR, Reinecke MG, Cornell C, Kuan J, Kim TR, Robinson WE Jr.

145. J Nat Prod. 1999 Jan;62(1):86-8 Novel antioxidant compounds from tart cherries (Prunus cerasus).Wang H, Nair MG, Strasburg GM, Booren AM, Gray JI.

146. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Dec 18;253(2):222-7.Bioavailability of ferulic acid.Bourne LC, Rice-Evans C.

147. Analysis J Chromatogr A. 1998 Oct 9;823(1-2):331-7. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection for the determination of phenolic compounds in peel and pulp from different apple varieties.Escarpa A, Gonzalez MC.

148. Enzyme Inhibition Xenobiotica. 1998 Aug;28(8):735-43.Inhibition of murine hepatic cytochrome P450 activities by natural and synthetic phenolic compounds.Baer-Dubowska W, Szaefer H, Krajka-Kuzniak V.

149. Antiallergic Activity Bioorg Med Chem. 1998 Jul;6(7):1051-6.Antiallergic activities of rabdosiin and its related compounds: chemical and biochemical evaluations.Ito H, Miyazaki T, Ono M, Sakurai H.

150. Antiallergic Activity Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1998 Jul;62(7):1284-9.Inhibitory effects of apple polyphenol on induced histamine release from RBL-2H3 cells and rat mast cells.Kanda T, Akiyama H, Yanagida A, Tanabe M, Goda Y, Toyoda M, Teshima R, Saito Y.

151. Anti-Neurotoxicity Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1998 Sep;218(4):390-7. In vitro attenuation of nitric oxide production in C6 astrocyte cell culture by various dietary compounds.Soliman KF, Mazzio EA.

152. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Am J Physiol. 1998 Jun;274(6 Pt 1):G1087-93.Pharmacodynamic profile of a novel inhibitor of the hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase system. Herling AW, Burger HJ, Schwab D, Hemmerle H, Below P, Schubert G.

153. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Eur J Pharmacol. 1998 May 22;349(2-3):325-31. Effects of 3-mercaptopicolinic acid and a derivative of chlorogenic acid (S-3483) on hepatic and islet glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Khan A, Ling ZC, Pukk K, Herling AW, Landau BR, Efendic S.

154. Anti-genotoxic Activity FEBS Lett. 1998 Apr 10;426(1):24-8. Scavenging of peroxynitrite by a phenolic/peroxidase system prevents oxidative damage to DNA.Grace SC, Salgo MG, Pryor WA.

155. Anti-cytotoxic Activity Free Radic Biol Med. 1998 Mar 1;24(4):594-606 Inhibition of peroxynitrite dependent tyrosine nitration by hydroxycinnamates: nitration or electron donation? Pannala AS, Razaq R, Halliwell B, Singh S, Rice-Evans CA.

156. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998 Mar 15;351(2):279-85. Chlorogenic acid analogue S 3483: a potent competitive inhibitor of the hepatic and renal glucose-6-phosphatase systems. Arion WJ, Canfield WK, Ramos FC, Su ML, Burger HJ, Hemmerle H, Schubert G, Below P, Herling AW.

157. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 J Biol Chem. 1998 Mar 13;273(11):6223-7. Direct evidence for the involvement of two glucose 6-phosphate-binding sites in the glucose-6-phosphatase activity of intact liver microsomes. Characterization of T1, the microsomal glucose 6-phosphate transport protein by a direct binding assay. Arion WJ, Canfield WK, Callaway ES, Burger HJ, Hemmerle H, Schubert G, Herling AW, Oekonomopulos R.

158. Iron chelation Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1998 Jan;62(1):22-7.Iron chelation by chlorogenic acid as a natural antioxidant. Kono Y, Kashine S, Yoneyama T, Sakamoto Y, Matsui Y, Shibata H.

159. Scavenging of Hydrogen peroxide FEBS Lett. 1998 Feb 6;422(3):377-80 EPR detection of phytophenoxyl radicals stabilized by zinc ions: evidence for the redox coupling of plant phenolics with ascorbate in the H2O2-peroxidase system. Yamasaki H, Grace SC.

160. Anti-viral Activity Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Jan;42(1):140-6.Dicaffeoylquinic and dicaffeoyltartaric acids are selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.McDougall B, King PJ, Wu BW, Hostomsky Z, Reinecke MG, Robinson WE Jr.

161. Anti-oxidant, Anti-free-radical Activity Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Jun 6;1335(3):335-42. Antioxidant activity of polyphenolics in diets. Rate constants of reactions of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid with reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen. Kono Y, Kobayashi K, Tagawa S, Adachi K, Ueda A, Sawa Y, Shibata H.

162. Antioxidative and hepatoprotective activity Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Jun;144(2):279-86. Antioxidative and protective properties of extracts from leaves of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) against hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in cultured rat hepatocytes.Gebhardt R.

163. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Mar 15;339(2):315-22. Chlorogenic acid and hydroxynitrobenzaldehyde: new inhibitors of hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase.Arion WJ, Canfield WK, Ramos FC, Schindler PW, Burger HJ, Hemmerle H, Schubert G, Below P, Herling AW.

164. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 J Med Chem. 1997 Jan 17;40(2):137-45.Chlorogenic acid and synthetic chlorogenic acid derivatives: novel inhibitors of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate translocase. Hemmerle H, Burger HJ, Below P, Schubert G, Rippel R, Schindler PW, Paulus E, Herling AW.

165. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1479-84. Four di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid derivatives from propolis. Potent hepatoprotective activity in experimental liver injury models.Basnet P, Matsushige K, Hase K, Kadota S, Namba T.

166. Antiviral Activity Mol Pharmacol. 1996 Oct;50(4):846-55.Dicaffeoylquinic acid inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus integrase: inhibition of the core catalytic domain of human immunodeficiency virus integrase.Robinson WE Jr, Cordeiro M, Abdel-Malek S, Jia Q, Chow SA, Reinecke MG, Mitchell WM.

167. Protection from Gastric Ulcer Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Sep;19(9):1227-30. Protective effects of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms from Hokkaido and its components on gastric ulcer in restrained cold water stressed rats.Fujikawa T, Yamaguchi A, Morita I, Takeda H, Nishibe S.

168. Analysis J Chromatogr A. 1996 Aug 16;741(2):223-31.Determination of some pharmacologically active phenolic acids in juices by high-performance liquid chromatography.Shahrzad S, Bitsch I.

169. Antiviral Activity Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 25;93(13):6326-31.Inhibitors of HIV-1 replication [corrected; erratum to be published] that inhibit HIV integrase.Robinson WE Jr, Reinecke MG, Abdel-Malek S, Jia Q, Chow SA.

170. Protection from Oxidative Stress Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1996 May;60(5):765-8.Protective effects of chlorogenic acid on paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rats.Tsuchiya T, Suzuki O, Igarashi K.

171. Prevention of LDL Peroxidation Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Feb 23;51(4):395-402. Inhibition of metmyoglobin/H2O2-dependent low density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation by naturally occurring phenolic acids.Laranjinha J, Vierira O, Almeida L, Madeira V.

172. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1996 Feb;60(2):328-9. Antimutagenic activity of caffeic acid and related compounds.Yamada J, Tomita Y.

173. Analysis Ann Pharm Fr. 1996;54(6):280-3.[Polyphenolic composition of the leaf of bilberry][Article in French] Fraisse D, Carnat A, Lamaison JL.

174. Food Chem Toxicol. 1996 Jan;34(1):15-20. Anti-genotoxic effects in mice after the interaction between coffee and dietary constituents.Abraham SK.

175. 176:Anti-inflammatory – Neutralizing Neutrophil OveractivityBiochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Dec 26;217(3):972-8. Chlorogenic acid as a natural scavenger for hypochlorous acid.Kono Y, Shibata H, Kodama Y, Ueda A, Sawa Y.

176. Anti-mutagenic and Chemopreventive propereties Biochem J. 1995 Dec 15;312 ( Pt 3):947-53. The suppression of the N-nitrosating reaction by chlorogenic acid.Kono Y, Shibata H, Kodama Y, Sawa Y.

177. Prevention of Skin PhotodamagePlanta Med. 1995 Dec;61(6):510-4. Echinacoside and caffeoyl conjugates protect collagen from free radical-induced degradation: a potential use of Echinacea extracts in the prevention of skin photodamage.Facino RM, Carini M, Aldini G, Saibene L, Pietta P, Mauri P.

178. Analysis J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1995 Nov 17;673(2):223-30. Selective extraction of quercetrin in vegetable drugs and urine by off-line coupling of boronic acid affinity chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Bongartz D, Hesse A.

179. Antioxidant Avtivity in Biological Systems Free Radic Biol Med. 1995 Sep;19(3):329-37. Reduction of ferrylmyoglobin by dietary phenolic acid derivatives of cinnamic acid.Laranjinha J, Almeida L, Madeira V.

180. Int J Pept Protein Res. 1995 Jul;46(1):1-8.Interaction of 3'-O-caffeoyl D-quinic acid with human serum albumin.Muralidhara BK, Prakash V.

181. Anti-cancer and Chemopreventive Activity of CGA Anticancer Res. 1995 May-Jun;15(3):703-7. Structure-activity relationship of caffeic acid analogues on xanthine oxidase inhibition.Chan WS, Wen PC, Chiang HC.

182. Counteracting the carcinogenicity of aflatoxin B1 In Vivo. 1994 Nov-Dec;8(6):1095-8. In vivo effect of dietary factors on the molecular action of aflatoxin B1: role of non-nutrient phenolic compounds on the catalytic activity of liver fractions.Aboobaker VS, Balgi AD, Bhattacharya RK.

183. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Aug 3;48(3):487-94.Reactivity of dietary phenolic acids with peroxyl radicals: antioxidant activity upon low density lipoprotein peroxidation.Laranjinha JA, Almeida LM, Madeira VM.

184. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1994 Apr;45(3):287-98.Effect of dietary caffeic and chlorogenic acids on in vivo xenobiotic enzyme systems.Kitts DD, Wijewickreme AN.

185. Chemopreventive and Anti-mutagenic Activity Biomed Environ Sci. 1994 Mar;7(1):68-78. The blocking effect of phenolic acid on N-nitrosomorpholine formation in vitro.Li P, Wang HZ, Wang XQ, Wu YN.

186. Analysis Biomed Environ Sci. 1993 Dec;6(4):389-98. High performance liquid chromatographic determination of phenolic acids in fruits and vegetables.Li P, Wang XQ, Wang HZ, Wu YN.

187. Analysis Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 1993 Nov;197(5):424-6.Automated determination of total polyphenols in apple juice. Mangas J, Suarez B, Blanco D.

188. Protective effects against gamma-radiation Mutat Res. 1993 Nov;303(3):109-12Protective effects of chlorogenic acid, curcumin and beta-carotene against gamma-radiation-induced in vivo chromosomal damage.Abraham SK, Sarma L, Kesavan PC.

189. Chemoprevention - Antimutagenic Effect Carcinogenesis. 1993 Jul;14(7):1321-5. Inhibition of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide-induced rat tongue carcinogenesis by the naturally occurring plant phenolics caffeic, ellagic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids. Tanaka T, Kojima T, Kawamori T, Wang A, Suzui M, Okamoto K, Mori H.

190. Food Chem Toxicol. 1990 Sep;28(9):633-7 Inhibition by coffee of nitrosourea-mediated DNA damage in mice.Aeschbacher HU, Jaccaud E.

191. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1990 Jun;38(6):1763-5.Phenolic compounds from stem bark of Acanthopanax senticosus and their pharmacological effect in chronic swimming stressed rats.Nishibe S, Kinoshita H, Takeda H, Okano G.

192. Hepatoprotective Effect Basic Life Sci. 1990;52:429-40 Inhibitory effects of chlorogenic acid, reserpine, polyprenoic acid (E-5166), or coffee on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and hamsters.Tanaka T, Nishikawa A, Shima H, Sugie S, Shinoda T, Yoshimi N, Iwata H, Mori H.

193. Antioxidant Activity Arch Biochem Biophys. 1990 Jan;276(1):242-7. The effects of caffeic acid and its related catechols on hydroxyl radical formation by 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, ferric chloride, and hydrogen peroxide.Iwahashi H, Ishii T, Sugata R, Kido R.

194. Syndrome X and Diabetes type 2 J Nutr. 1989 Nov;119(11):1698-704.Dietary phenolic compounds: inhibition of Na+-dependent D-glucose uptake in rat intestinal brush border membrane vesicles.Welsch CA, Lachance PA, Wasserman BP.

195. Cancer Lett. 1989 Jun;45(3):177-82.Modification of the mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1 and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine by certain phenolic compounds.Francis AR, Shetty TK, Bhattacharya RK.

196. Chemopreventive Cancer Res. 1988 Nov 1;48(21):5941-6.Inhibitory effect of curcumin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid on tumor promotion in mouse skin by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.Huang MT, Smart RC, Wong CQ, Conney AH.

197. Mutat Res. 1988 Sep;201(1):89-96.Study of the causes of direct-acting mutagenicity in coffee and tea using the Ara test in Salmonella typhimurium.Ariza RR, Dorado G, Barbancho M, Pueyo C.

198. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1988 Jul-Aug;71(4):789-94.Apple juice composition: sugar, nonvolatile acid, and phenolic profiles.Lee HS, Wrolstad RE.

199. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1988 Mar;38(1):173-87.[Effects of the treatment of coffee pulp, fresh or ensilaged, with calcium hydroxide, on its nutritive value] [Article in Spanish] Gomez-Brenes R, Bendana G, Gonzalez JM, Jarquin R, Braham JE, Bressani R.

200. J Inorg Biochem. 1988 Mar;32(3):171-81Reduction and release of ferritin iron by plant phenolics.Boyer RF, Clark HM, LaRoche AP.

201. Mutat Res. 1988 Feb;204(2):219-28.Mutagenic activity of some coffee flavor ingredients.Fung VA, Cameron TP, Hughes TJ, Kirby PE, Dunkel VC.

202. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 Oct;258(1):226-32.Chlorogenic acid biosynthesis: characterization of a light-induced microsomal 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)-D-quinate/shikimate 3'-hydroxylase from carrot (Daucus carota L.) cell suspension cultures.Kuhnl T, Koch U, Heller W, Wellmann E.

203. Mutat Res. 1987 Apr;177(2):229-39.Inhibitory effect of phenolic compounds on aflatoxin B1 metabolism and induced mutagenesis.San RH, Chan RI.

204. Antiviral Effects Pharmazie. 1986 Dec;41(12):865-8. [The effect of phenolic polymers on retroviruses][Article in German] Sydow G, Wunderlich V, Klocking R, Helbig B.

205. Biochem J. 1986 Nov 1;239(3):641-6.Inhibition by chlorogenic acid of haematin-catalysed retinoic acid 5,6-epoxidation.Iwahashi H, Negoro Y, Ikeda A, Morishita H, Kido R.

206. Cancer Lett. 1986 Apr;31(1):27-34.Mechanism of inhibition of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced mutagenesis by phenolic compounds.Chan RI, San RH, Stich HF.

207. Chemopreventive Cancer Lett. 1986 Jan;30(1):49-54.Inhibitory effect of chlorogenic acid on methylazoxymethanol acetate-induced carcinogenesis in large intestine and liver of hamsters.Mori H, Tanaka T, Shima H, Kuniyasu T, Takahashi M.

208. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1985 Sep;35(3):491-5.[Extraction and quantification of polyphenols from coffee pulp][Article in Spanish] Garcia LA, Velez AJ, de Rozo MP.

210. Abidoff MT, Effect of chlorogenic acid administration on post-prandial blood glucose levels, 1999 Moscow Center for Modern Medicine, Russian Ministry for National Defense Industries, Clinical Report.